The Evolution of Renaissance Classicism
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چکیده
The term "Renaissance classicism" refers to a fundamental attribute of the period that scholars refer to as the European Renaissance, roughly 1400–1600. Renaissance classicism was an intellectual movement that sought to mimic the literature, rhetoric, art, and philosophy of the ancient world, specifically ancient Rome. Scholars, politicians, and philosophers looked to ancient literary and artistic models for inspiration, and in turn this love of the classical world is termed classicism. The interest in the classical world was not new in the fifteenth century. In fact, there were powerful classicist themes in medieval Europe’s scholarship, law, and art. However, when eighteenthand nineteenthcentury scholars sought to find the origins of their modern secular worldview, instead of pointing to the medieval classicists they pointed to the Italian (and other) classicists of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. Most notable among these modern scholars was the historian Jacob Burckhardt (1818–1897). Burckhardt claimed that the model of ancient Rome sparked a more secular individualistic society in Renaissance Italy. Burckhardt’s rosy view of the Renaissance generally ignored the importance of religion, the horrors of incessant warfare, and the agonies of daily life during the period. Nevertheless, his research did point to the importance of classicism in the intellectual life of the Renaissance, a point on which later scholars elaborated.
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